AZT, an antiretroviral drug very commonly used to prevent mother-to-child HIV transmission, may cause DNA damage that can increase an infant’s risk of developing cancer, according to two new studies in Environment and Molecular Mutagenesis. In research involving rodents and infants treated with AZT, scientists found evidence of DNA damage and suggested that, while the drug remains a highly effective option during pregnancy, long-term monitoring of AZT-exposed infants may be necessary.