The CDC is conducting tenofovir PREP trials on gay men in the U.S., intravenous drug users in Thailand and heterosexuals in Botswana. So we should know as early as 2007 whether PREP protects during a session of latexless love (or IV-drug use). Even if it’s not recommended as a primary prevention method, could serodiscordant straight couples safely get pregnant the old-fashioned way? Could sex workers stay protected when customers refuse to use condoms? “It’s definitely possible,” says Thomas J. Coates, PhD, medical professor at UCLA. “But we can’t tell yet, and we should be cautious so people don’t mistakenly think they are protected.”